5: 30 PM
We'll be ending our live coverage of this emergency session shortly, which saw the adoption of a non-binding Jordanian resolution on Friday afternoon in New York by a large majority of Member States, with 120 votes in favour, 14 against and 45 abstentions.
It marks the first formal response of the United Nations to the escalation of violence in Israel and Palestine since the Hamas terror attacks of 7 October, after the Security Council failed on four occasions to reach consensus on any action.
Friday’s key things you need to know:
DAY 2 HIGHLIGHTS
- Assembly adopted a major resolution, calling for an “immediate, durable and sustained humanitarian truce leading to a cessation of hostilities”; it was proposed by Jordan and backed by over 45 Member States
- An amendment, proposed by Canada and backed by over 35 Member States, including the US, seeking an explicit condemnation of Hamas, did not pass, failing to get two-thirds support
- Countries put forward arguments for and against the amendment, and explained their positions on the adopted resolution
- Earlier in the day, several countries took the floor, reiterating the impact of the crisis on civilians and underscoring the imperative to ensure aid finally flows into the enclave as supplies of food, water and fuel reach critically low levels
- The US declared that after the current crisis is over, “there is no going back to the status quo, as it stood on 6 October”, noting the importance of a two-State solution
- The Emergency Special Session will continue on Tuesday, with countries continuing their debate
4:50 PM
Ghana: World must find 'fierce agency' for peace
Ghana’s Ambassador and Deputy Permanent Representative Carolyn Oppong-Ntir, said her delegation voted in favour of the resolution because, among other reasons, the humanitarian crisis could not be ignored.
“We have a responsibility as an international community to help end the heart-breaking tragedies” in Israel and Palestine, she said. “Out of this tragedy, we must find the fierce agency to support the two parties to resume and conclude a peace agreement” and advance the two-State solution.
She said her country - a current Security Council member - voted in favour of the resolution because, among other reasons, the humanitarian crisis could not be ignored.
“We have a responsibility as an international community to help end the heart-breaking tragedies” in Israel and Palestine, she said. “Out of this tragedy, we must find the fierce agency to support the two parties to resume and conclude a peace agreement” and advance the two-State solution.
4:38 PM
India calls for de-escalation
Ambassador Yojna Patel of India speaks in response to the resolution being adopted at the resumed 10th Emergency Special Session meeting on the situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
India’s Deputy Permanent Representative Ambassador Yojna Patel said the 7 October terror attacks are shocking, calling for the immediate release of the hostages. Casualties in Gaza are a continuing concern and the crisis needs to be addressed, she said.
India abstained in the resolution vote.
Welcoming ongoing efforts and reiterating support for the two-State solution, she urged the parties to de-escalate the violence and work towards resuming substantial peace negotiations.
4:23 PM
Israel: Day of 'infamy'
Gilad Erdan, Ambassador of Israel to the UN, said in response to the resolution passing that “today is a day that will go down in infamy”.
“We have all witnessed that the UN holds not even one ounce of legitimacy,” he said. “The UN is committed to ensuring further atrocity. According to the family of nations, Israel has no right to defend itself.”
There are no talks or discussions to be held with Hamas, he said, adding that Israel will not sit idly by to let them commit atrocities again. The resolution does not mention Hamas once, as if the war started on its own.
“What is going on here?” he asked, questioning whether the goal was to tie Israel’s hands. “The only way to destroy Hamas is to root them out. Why are you not holding Hamas accountable?”
“We know there is no humanitarian crisis in accordance with international humanitarian law,” he said, noting that every statistic comes from Hamas about information about Gaza.
Anyone interested in preventing violence should call on Hamas to lay down their arms, turn themselves in and return all hostages, he said.
“If this were to happen, the war would end immediately,” he said. “This is a dark day for the UN and mankind. Israel will defend itself and will do what must be done to eradicate Hamas’ capabilities and bring the hostages home.”
4:18 PM
France: Security Council must act
France’s Ambassador Nicolas de Rivière speaking after the resolution passed, said his delegation voted in favour, as “nothing justifies the killing of civilians”.
“We have to work collectively to set up a humanitarian truce because the situation in Gaza is catastrophic,” he said, noting that France has already sent an aid vessel. “The Assembly must call for the release of hostages.”
However, the adoption of this resolution cannot replace the Security Council’s efforts nor the decisions that the organ must now adopt, he said, expressing hope that the Council can reach a decision.
“We have a duty to prevent a worsening of the situation,” he said. “The only viable solution is a two-State solution.”
3:48 PM
Resolution adopted
The Jordanian resolution has been adopted by the General Assembly, with 120 votes in favour, 14 against and 45 abstentions.
Another reminder of the key provisions of the resolution now adopted, which is a non-binding expression of the majority view of UN Member States.
It marks the first formal response of the United Nations to the hostilities since the Hamas terror attacks of 7 October, after the Security Council failed on four occasions to reach consensus on any action.
Check out our explainer here, on how emergency special sessions of the Assembly work, and WHY they matter.
General Assembly adopts resolution on Protection of Civilians and Upholding Legal and Humanitarian Obligations in Gaza.
The resolution does not make specific mention of the militant group which controls Gaza, Hamas, one of the key issues which led to a Canadian amendment being proposed.
The resolution calls for an “immediate, durable and sustained humanitarian truce”, and demands all parties comply with international humanitarian law and “continuous, sufficient and unhindered” provision of essential supplies and services into the Gaza Strip.
It also calls for the “immediate and unconditional release” of all civilians held captive as well as demanding their safety, well-being and humane treatment in compliance with international law.
3:45 PM
Canadian amendment fails to get enough support
The votes on the amendment were 85 for, 55 against, with 23 abstentions, so it failed to get the required two-thirds majority.
3:45 PM
Israel must be named too: Pakistan
In a powerful speech rebutting Canada's explanation, Pakistan’s ambassador Munir Akram said that if Canada was being fair in its amendment it would agree to name Israel as well as Hamas.
Not naming either side was the best choice he said, as the Jordanian resolution does.
“Israel needs to be named too, if you are to be fair and equitable and just”, he said.
We all know who started this. It is 50 years of Israeli occupation and the killing of Palestinians with impunity, he said.
Israel can’t face the truth or face justice. The Israeli occupation is the original sin, not what happened on 7 October.
3: 28 PM
Canada: Terror attacks must be recognized
Canada’s Ambassador Bob Rae said the Assembly is meeting to show Israelis and Palestinians that any life lost is a tragedy. Yet, the critical reason for being here has been forgotten. On 7 October, Hamas wreaked terror on Israel. Since then, more that 7,000 Palestinians have been killed.
“We can see the need for a rapid response,” he said.
Unfortunately, Canada cannot support the current text, he said, adding that the Assembly cannot act without recognizing the 7 October terrorist attacks and the hostage taking.
If the proposed amendment is not adopted, the Assembly will not have recognized one of the world’s worst terrorist attacks and “we will all have to live with that failure as the tragedy continues to unfold,” he said.
Ambassador Bob Rae of Canada speaks ahead of the vote at the resumed 10th Emergency Special Session meeting on the situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
If the proposed amendment is not adopted, the Assembly will not have recognized one of the world’s worst terrorist attacks and “we will all have to live with that failure as the tragedy continues to unfold,” he said.
This amendment “names what has to be named”, he said. Emphasizing that the crisis must not spread through the region, he reiterated that Canada supports the two-State solution and continues to provide humanitarian aid for Gaza.
3:24 PM
'Simple yet vital goal'
Jordan’s ambassador Mahmoud Daifallah Hmoud spoke ahead of the voting, saying that the "urgent need for an immediate ceasefire cannot be overstated."
He said that the immeasurable suffering of the Palestinian people was destined to leave a lasting mark on generations to come.
He said that delegates were "witnessing a ground invasion by Israel as we speak" and failure four times by the Security Council to reach any consensus for action.
He said the was a "simple yet vital goal" of their resolution "that aligns with the very purpose for which the UN was established, peace and compliance with international law."
3:14 PM
With a palpable buzz among delegates inside the UN General Assembly Hall, the afternoon session is underway.
Seven more countries have become co-sponsors of the Jordanian resolution in the past few hours and 36 more countries have become co-sponsors of the Canadian amendment.
2:45 PM
What does the resolution say?
Just a reminder as the voting looms at 3 PM of what the resolution and the Canadian amendment - which will be considered first - actually calls for...
The Jordanian resolution has the backing of more than 40 Member States, including Egypt, Oman and UAE.
It calls for an “immediate, durable and sustained humanitarian truce”, and demands all parties comply with international humanitarian law and “continuous, sufficient and unhindered” provision of essential supplies and services into the Gaza Strip.
It also calls for the “immediate and unconditional release” of all civilians held captive as well as demanding their safety, well-being and humane treatment in compliance with international law.
The resolution makes no specific mention of the Hamas terror attacks of 7 October.
Canada's amendment condemns Hamas
An amendment has been proposed by Canada that “unequivocally rejects and condemns the terrorist attacks by Hamas” in Israel starting 7 October and the taking of hostages.
Several countries including the US, have spoken out forcefully in favour of the amendment this morning.
Draft resolutions do not represent the official position of the General Assembly until adopted.
13:08 PM
The morning session has ended and the General Assembly will reconvene at 3 PM to consider the draft resolution and any related amendments.
After voting, the debate will resume with dozens more countries due to take the podium.
12:51 PM
UK: Take all steps possible to protect civilian life
The United Kingdom’s Minister for the Middle East, Lord Tariq Ahmad, began by offering condolences to UN staff and medics who have lost their lives under bombardment in Gaza, together with the victims of the 7 October attacks in Israel and the families of innocent Palestinians killed.
“Every life that is lost is a tragedy. Not just for a family in Israel, Gaza or the West Bank but for all of humanity.”
He called on all parties to respect international humanitarian law, calling for the unconditional release of hostages and unhindered humanitarian access.
Lord Ahmad said it was urgent to scale up aid through the Rafah crossing, and praised the UN Secretary-General and all staff who are working tirelessly to ensure aid reaches those in need.
He said humanitarian pauses were essential to allow aid through.
United Kingdom’s Minister for the Middle East, Lord Tariq Ahmad, addresses the resumed 10th Emergency Special Session meeting on the situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
Standing against terror
The UK stands with Israel in the face of Hamas terror and Israel’s right to self defence, he underlined, but stressed this must be within international law.
Stating a "personal view", as a Muslim, the British peer said “terrorism is evil” and every act of terrorism is against humanity “and we must condemn it unequivocally”.
On this basis, the resolution before the Assembly “should be clearer on this point.”
However, the UK has been equally clear that all steps must be taken to minimize harm and ensure civilian movements are voluntary and safe.
“In this moment of darkness” he said, let’s come together and not lose sight of the promise of a two-State solution to the conflict.
“We in the UK will continue to work closely with all partners in the region and beyond in these efforts because peace must prevail.”
12:39 PM
Brazil: Condemnation for all attacks on civilians
Sérgio França Danese, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Brazil to the UN, expressed “unequivocal condemnation” of the heinous terrorist attacks by Hamas, including the taking of hostages.
He also “clearly condemned” the attacks that are indiscriminately killing and wounding civilians and destroying homes in the Gaza Strip, depriving them of basic tools for survival.
Mr. França Danese said Brazil, the President of the Security Council for October, welcomed the emergency session after the Security Council failed to adopt any of four draft resolutions on the crisis, including one proposed by his delegation, which drew 12 votes in favour.
The robust support given by Council members to the resolution “indicates that it was a balanced text,” he said, describing the resolution as “solidly rooted” in international humanitarian and human rights law, and “fundamentally committed to the humanitarian imperative.”
12:30 PM
Turkiye: Peace not possible if Palestine aspirations are denied
Permanent Representative of Türkiye to the United Nations, Sedat Önal said that with a paralyzed Security Council, it is up to the General Assembly to rise to the occasion. Based on principle, Türkiye co-authored the resolution introduced today, which contains the minimum of what we need to put an end to the carnage and ease tensions on the ground.
Targeting civilians and civilian infrastructure will not bring security . Peace will not be possible as long as Palestinians aspirations for freedom, dignity and statehood continue to be denied. .
11:52 AM
Saudi Arabia: International failures
Abdulaziz M. Alwasil, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Saudi Arabia to the UN, said that the killing and destruction in the Gaza Strip is not only creating a humanitarian catastrophe but is also having dire consequences and repercussions on the security of the region and the world.
“We have clearly condemned the targeting of civilians by any party, called for a ceasefire, stop to the bloodshed, immediate lifting of the siege, release of hostages, and providing humanitarian assistance and support to those affected,” he said.
Ambassador Abdulaziz M. Alwasil of Saudi Arabia addresses the resumed 10th Emergency Special Session meeting on the situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
“We also condemned the attempts at forcible displacement and policies of collective punishment against the population in Gaza, including starvation of civilians as a weapon of war,” he added.
Reaffirming the priority should be to work for peace, Ambassador Alwasil called for compliance with international conventions and laws.
He stressed the current crisis was due to the failure on the part of the international community to end Israeli occupation and implement a two-State solution.
“Silence in the face of illegitimate Israeli practices, whether over the past 70 years, or even recently is what led the region to the current crisis,” he said, warning of a possible spillover of the conflict that would threaten global peace and security.
11:47 AM
European Union: Humanitarian access essential
The European Union's UN Representative, Olof Skoog, said the EU deeply regretted the use of veto in the Security Council because the crisis requires a strong, timely, united message by the Security Council.
The urgency is to provide safe, rapid, unhindered humanitarian access to populations in need, by all possible means, whether a “corridor” or a “humanitarian pause” - but this must not be exploited by terrorists.
He said the EU is ready to contribute to the resumption of the political process on the basis of a two-State solution and supports the holding of an international peace conference as soon as possible.
He understood the need to reach a consensus in the General Assembly in the absence of a Security Council’s resolution adding that the EU had worked constructively and formulated amendments, to overcome divisions.
11:24 AM
US: 'Omissions of evil' to avoid reference to Hamas or hostages
Linda Thomas-Greenfield, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of US to the UN, emphasized that the death, destruction and desperation “playing out before our eyes is enough for anyone to lose faith in humanity.”
Citing “barbaric acts of terror by Hamas”, Ms. Thomas-Greenfield stressed “there is no justification for terror – none whatsoever. You all know that and we must condemn Hamas’ acts of terror.”
Ms. Thomas-Greenfield said that to the terrorists of Hamas, civilians “are expendable.”
She said Israel was exercising its right and responsibility to defend its people from Hamas, but “it must do so in line with rules of war” and with respect for international humanitarian law.
Recalling her country’s work to help protect civilian lives and ensure humanitarian assistance into Gaza, she called on all Member States to also alleviate the humanitarian suffering there.
Ambassador Linda Thomas-Greenfield of the United States addresses the resumed 10th Emergency Special Session meeting on the situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
'Lives hang in the balance'
“Time is of the essence and lives hang in the balance,” she said.
Turning to the resolution, the US Ambassador emphasized that two key words were missing in the draft.
“First is Hamas, it is outrageous that the resolution fails to name the perpetrators of the 7 October terrorist attack,” she said, adding that the other “key word missing is hostage; this resolution makes no mention of the innocent people, including citizens of many of you in this room, who have citizens that are held hostage by Hamas and other terrorist groups.”
“These are omissions of evil, they give cover to and empower Hamas’ brutality, and no Member State should allow that to happen,” she stressed.
Ms. Thomas-Greenfield noted that the US has co-sponsored an amendment by Canada that corrects these omissions, condemning Hamas’ terrorist attacks and calling for immediate and unconditional release of hostages.
“This is the bare minimum we would hope to see on this resolution,” she said, urging all Member States to support the amendment.
“The General Assembly must send a clear message to the world that we stand against all acts of terror and that we stand with all those who are being held hostage,” she added.
Status quo must shift
The Ambassador recalled a statement by President Joe Biden that “there is no going back to the status quo, as it stood on 6 October.”
“We must not go back to a status quo, where Hamas terrorizes Israel and uses Palestinian civilians as human shields, and we must not go back to a status quo where extremist settlers can attack and terrorize Palestinians in the West Bank.”
This means that when this crisis is over, there has to be a vision of what comes next, in our view that vision must be centred around a two-State solution. Getting there will require concerted effort by all of us, she said.
10:58 AM
Egypt: ‘Enough is enough’
Silence over the basic rights of Palestinians under fire in Gaza “is no longer an option” said Egypt’s ambassador Osama Mahmoud Abdelkhalek.
He said there had to one standard applied to all, including Palestinians, as opposed to double standards.
“No to targeting civilians, no to terrorism, no to violating international humanitarian law, no to bombarding hospitals and medical centres, no to killing children, no to the siege and no to cutting off all basic necessities of life.”
He said no to forcible displacement and liquidating human rights: “No to genocide – all people are equal.”
Ambassador Osama Mahmoud Abdelkhalek of Egypt addresses the resumed 10th Emergency Special Session meeting on the situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
He said it was key to speak out to not be – quoting an Arab proverb – a “mute devil that does not speak out for the truth.”
“Enough is enough” he said. “We can no longer bear what is happening to the Palestinians.”
Defending the work of the UN in Gaza and its calls for a humanitarian ceasefire, Ambassador Abdelkhalek said that that had nothing to do with supporting terrorist aggression, but was an important first step “to stop the bloodshed.”
He denounced the policy of besieging and starving civilians of the Gaza Strip, saying that denying them water had “no place in the 21st century. They are reminiscent of practices of the Middle Ages.”
He called on the Assembly to demand aid is delivered to Gaza, “without any conditions”, adding that otherwise it would mean “a death sentence for the people of Gaza.”
Displacing Gazans for the third time in history from their land must be “rejected categorically”, he added.
10:50 AM
Qatar condemns targetting of civilians
Alya Ahmed Saif Al-Thani, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of Qatar to UN, said the crisis threatens the security of the region and the world, and voiced regret over the failure of the Security Council to act.
She called on all parties to deescalate and move towards a full ceasefire; immediate release of all prisoners, particularly civilians; delivery of humanitarian aid into the Gaza Strip; and opening of safe humanitarian corridors.
Ambassador Alya Ahmed Saif Al-Thani of Qatar addresses the resumed 10th Emergency Special Session meeting on the situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
Ms. Al-Thani reaffirmed her country’s condemnation of targeting civilians, particularly women and children, as well as “our unequivocal rejection of the siege imposed by Israel, the occupying power”, depriving 2.3 million people - half of them children - of their basic needs.
She urged all Member States to support the Jordanian-led draft resolution and to send a “message of hope".
In conclusion, she said “Qatar continues to contribute to the ongoing diplomatic efforts to find a way out, that will stop the bloodshed of our Palestinian brothers and ensure a sustainable political solution in accordance to the well known terms of reference and steer the region away from spiralling into chaos and violence.”
Ambassador Brian Wallace of Jamaica addresses the resumed 10th Emergency Special Session meeting on the situation in the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
Jamaica: Devasting consequences of escalation
Brian Wallace, Jamaica's Permanent Representative who spoke for Caribbean Community CARICOM, said that If we do not immediately put an end to conflict, it could escalate into a wider regional war.
He expressed concerns about the implications for international stability, with devastating consequences, particularly for small vulnerable island states such as those in CARICOM, which are "already struggling to overcome multi-faceted challenges.”
“Let us recognize once and for all the utter futility of war, violence and terror,” he said, reaffirming CARICOM's continued support for UN Security Council resolution 242, calling for accelerated efforts for a peaceful and lasting resolution to the conflict.
10:30 AM
Venezuela: End 'inflammatory rhetoric'
Taking the floor first on Friday, Joaquín Alberto Pérez Ayestarán, Ambassador and Deputy Permanent Representative of Venezuela, also spoke on behalf of the Group of Friends in Defense of the Charter of the United Nations.
He called for an immediate ceasefire and end to all hostilities directed towards civilians and civilian infrastructure, including hospitals, refugee centres and food warehouses.
“We also call for restraint and urge an end to all inflammatory rhetoric and dehumanizing language, which in no way serves ongoing political and diplomatic efforts to deescalate...and on the contrary only further stokes tension and violence endangering thousands of innocent lives,” he said.
On behalf of the Group, he called on the Security Council to urge Israel to heed the latest calls by the UN Secretary-General including sticking to the principles of the UN Charter, the Geneva Conventions, and relevant international law.
10:25 AM
There's no objection to holding a vote at 3 PM. Venezuela is now taking its turn to speak at the podium.
The Assembly also decided by general consent that for the adoption of any draft resolution, and any amendments to it, a two-thirds majority will be required.
10:20 AM:
The President of the General Assembly Dennis Francis has taken his seat and gavelled the special session to order. The Jordanian ambassador is making a point of order.
He's calling for the suspension of the debate at 3 PM today, to initiate “immediate action” on their resolution.
10:06 AM
Delegates are gathering in the gilded General Assembly Hall for a long day ahead.
A dozen of the 110 speakers due to take the floor spoke on Thursday and we’ll continue coverage here on Friday for day two from 10 AM New York time.
The emergency session is expected to vote on a Jordanian-backed draft resolution on the crisis, which among others calls for an “immediate, durable and sustained humanitarian truce”, all parties comply with international law, and continuous and unhindered aid into the Gaza Strip.
Venezuela is expected to take the floor first first on Friday, followed by Jamaica. Qatar, Egypt and the United States are also expected to be among the early speakers.
DAY 2
09:00 AM
The draft resolution
The Jordanian-led draft resolution on the crisis is expected to be put to a vote at the end of the emergency session which may extend beyond Friday. It has the backing of over 40 Member States, including Egypt, Oman and UAE.
Key issues in the draft include calls for an “immediate, durable and sustained humanitarian truce”, as well as “demands” that all parties comply with international humanitarian law and for “continuous, sufficient and unhindered” provision of essential supplies and services into the Gaza Strip.
It also calls for the “immediate and unconditional release” of all civilians held captive as well as demanding their safety, well-being and humane treatment in compliance with international law.
An amendment has been proposed by Canada that “unequivocally rejects and condemns the terrorist attacks by Hamas” in Israel starting 7 October and the taking of hostages.
Draft resolutions do not represent the official position of the General Assembly until adopted.
Voting at the UN General Assembly
At the General Assembly, the 193 Member States each have one vote, and in contrast with the Security Council, there are no vetoes.
Decisions of the Assembly on important questions are made by a two-thirds majority of the members present and voting. These questions include: recommendations with respect to the maintenance of international peace and security, or other subjects defined under rule 83 of the General Assembly Rules of Procedures.
Decisions on questions other than those provided for in rule 83, including the determination of additional categories of questions to be decided by a two-thirds majority, are made by a majority of the members present and voting.
The phrase “members present and voting” means members casting an affirmative or negative vote. Members which abstain from voting are considered as not voting.
Permanent Observers of the UN, the Holy See and the State of Palestine do not have a say in decisions of the General Assembly.
